Ford was the first to adapt to Europe the formula, very popular across the Atlantic, of offering a multitude of engines and equipment options under the same body style. This resulted in the Capri, one of the biggest commercial successes of the 1970s.

The Capri MK1

The Ford Capri's origins lie in another Ford, the Mustang. Launched in the spring of 1964, the Mustang fit a very simple definition: "a dream for not (too) much money." Indeed, for a starting price that was far from prohibitive (in Europe, it was roughly equivalent to that of an Opel Diplomat or a Lancia Flavia coupé), it was possible to buy a very sporty-looking car, endowed from the outset with a strong image (that of the first of the "pony cars," those American cars specifically designed to satisfy the aspirations of a young clientele eager for originality).

Of course, one couldn't expect the production models to match the performance of Henri Greder's Mustang, winner of the 1964 Tour de France Automobile. However, the silhouette was virtually identical, and this coupe offered the added bonus of interior space close to that of a sedan. The extraordinary popularity the Mustang enjoyed in America during its early years (100,000 cars sold in the first four months of sales!) prompted Ford, with the assistance of its German and British subsidiaries, to develop a car meeting the same criteria but specifically adapted to the expectations of European customers.

The development of the new car would last four years, during which three teams—British, German, and American—worked simultaneously on the project, codenamed "Colt." Oddly enough, it was ultimately the American design that was deemed the most "European." The new Ford made its first public appearance at the Brussels Motor Show in January 1969, under the name "Capri." This name had already been used in Europe by Ford of England for the limited-production but nonetheless distinctive coupé version of the Consul 315, as the name "Colt" had already been trademarked by Mitsubishi, which would use it for compact cars.

Technically, the Ford Capri didn't revolutionize its era: front engine/rear-wheel drive, rigid rear axle, drum brakes – no cutting-edge technical solutions. But it was well-built and offered the attractive silhouette of a two-door coupe for the price of a simple sedan. Its silhouette met the sporty criteria of the time, with its long hood, short rear end, and fuel filler cap integrated directly into one of the roof pillars.

Five engines, seven trim levels

Ford, having advocated collaboration between its European subsidiaries since the launch of the Ford Transit (1965) and following the example of the Escort, which appeared a few months earlier, would produce the Capri simultaneously in Germany, by the Ford factory in Cologne and in Great Britain, by a factory located in Halewood.

From its launch, customers could choose between several engines. In Germany, five were offered: three V4s (1300, 1500, and 1700 cc) and two V6s (2000 or 2300 cc). In England, the range was initially limited to two inline four-cylinder engines (1300 or 1600 cc) and one V4 (2000 cc). But from the autumn of 1969, a new 3000 version, equipped with the V6 from the previous Ford Zodiac, completed the British lineup. Again, no risks were taken: all these engines had been proven on other models in the range.

To ensure that every buyer could drive a car different from their neighbor's, the Ford catalog offers no fewer than seven trim levels. By combining options and engines—the 1700, 2000, and 2300 versions come standard with more comprehensive "GT" equipment—the result is an extremely varied selection: at the very bottom is the standard Capri, with a simplified presentation bordering on the spartan. Then come the "X," "L," "R" (for… Racing: all R versions feature Rostyle wheels with exposed studs), "XL," "XR," "GTX," "GTL," "GTR," "GTXL," "GTXR," and, at the very top, "GTXLR."

Each trim level, identified by a small badge at the bottom of the fenders, is distinguished by a few additional features (various wheel trims, dummy air intakes on the sides, etc.). In the case of the GT versions, these are complemented by power-assisted front disc brakes, radial tires, a wood-look dashboard and center console, a tachometer, a clock, two-speed windshield wipers, and so on. Only the German-made range is available in the French catalog, which has the advantage of not making an already difficult choice even more complicated.

A choice which will nevertheless expand further with the appearance, in the autumn of 1970, of the 2600 GT and especially the RS 2600. The latter is a lowered and lighter variant, studied by Jochen Neerspasch, head of the competition department of Ford-Germany, which no longer has much in common in terms of mechanics with the standard model.

Like Carroll Shelby a few years earlier with the Mustang 350 GT, Neerspasch would "cast a spell" on the Capri. Thanks to mechanical fuel injection (Kügelfischer system), the RS 2600 boasted 150 DIN horsepower. To ensure this power was better transferred to the road, the car was equipped with four specific shock absorbers, a revised suspension, and, as an option, a limited-slip rear axle. With a curb weight not exceeding 1080 kg (which can be reduced to 900 kg thanks to the adoption of fiberglass body panels and the replacement of the side windows with plexiglass), the Capri RS 2600, identifiable by its four headlights, matte black grille, lightweight alloy "spoke" wheels known as FAVO, a logo on the fuel filler flap, half-banana bumpers, and a black velvet sports interior with bucket seats, is capable of acceleration superior to that of a Porsche 911 S. Its price, however, is incomparable: 26,900 F compared to…66,000 F!

The Capri MK1 bis or facelift

In September 1972, the Ford Capri underwent several minor modifications. Capri enthusiasts refer to the models released from this date onward as the "Series I 1/2" or "Series Ibis" or "facelift" (as opposed to the Capri II, which would be launched in early 1974). The main changes compared to the first Capri (1969-72) were, externally, the adoption of larger headlights, twin taillights, a hood with a bulge on all models (including the base model), and the integration of the turn signals into the front bumper. The side vents also became more discreet, made of black plastic. The interior also evolved considerably with the adoption of a dashboard that would remain in use until the final models.

The main change was under the hood. The V4 engines gave way to Pinto-type blocks from the Taunus, while the Cortina and Kent engines were derived from the Escort (already used in England). At the entry level, the 1300 70 hp engine from the Escort replaced the V4 of the same displacement, significantly increasing the car's power. A new 1600 GT version, equipped with a four-cylinder overhead camshaft engine, appeared, replacing the older 1500 and 1700 V4 versions. All models, except the 1300, could be equipped with an optional automatic transmission.

The 2300 and 2600 V6 engines remain unchanged. The RS 2600 is carried over, this time with a satin black finish instead of chrome, and features some minor mechanical improvements that make the car less "wild." At the top of the range, the British 3-liter Essex engine is available in the very luxurious 3000 GXL version, which is not widely sold in France due to the high cost of the road tax.
The year 1973 saw the millionth Ford Capri roll off the production line (in August). A truly unprecedented figure for a coupe… The car was then at its peak, and, year in and year out, 200,000 units found buyers across the European and American markets (sold under the Mercury brand). The marketing specialists in Detroit had clearly hit the nail on the head…

1974, the Capri MKII...

In February 1974, the Capri underwent its first facelift, in both Germany and Great Britain. This was a limited rejuvenation, primarily affecting the bodywork by removing the side crease that adorned the flanks of the older models and adding a rear hatch to all versions.

Although customers retained the option to personalize their purchase, the Capri selection was simplified: the range was reduced to four versions (1300, 1600 GT, 2300 GT, and 3000 GT), with only two trim levels available: L or XL for the 1300, and standard or "Ghia" for the three GT versions. In the latter case, the interior and exterior presentation was enhanced by the Turin-based coachbuilder: vinyl roof, alloy wheels, velour interior, etc. By autumn 1975, the range available in France consisted of just three models. The 3000 GT was only available in Germany and the UK, with a few imported examples appearing in France, and the Capri RS 2600 had no equivalent in the catalog.

The German range, meanwhile, was expanded in the spring of 1976 with the addition of the Capri 2000, powered by the V6 engine already seen in the Capri Mk1 (borrowed from the Taunus 2000). At the same time, new intermediate trim levels were offered: "L" or "GL" for the Capri 1300, "S" for the 1600, and "S" or Ghia for the 2000 and 2300. Recognizable by the stylized "S" stripe adorning their sides, the Capri S models replaced the previous GT versions. They featured a fairing under the front bumper and a rear spoiler.

The year 1976 also saw the end of production of the British Ford Capri: 337,500 units had been assembled in Halewood since 1969. From then on, all Capris sold came from the Cologne assembly lines.

A year later, production of models specifically intended for the American market was halted. Between April 1970 and August 1977, more than half a million Ford Capris were sold across the Atlantic.

1978-86: the Capri MKIII

With competition having seriously intensified during the decade with the arrival of, among others, the Renault 15 and 17, the Opel Manta and the Volkswagen Scirocco, the Ford Capri underwent a second facelift at the end of winter 1978.

The models launched in February differ from their predecessors with their hoods that extend slightly over the grille, their standard dual headlights, their front fascia, and also their matte black bumpers with plastic end caps. The interior has also been redesigned with a more understated look. The 80s are making their presence felt; chrome and flashy colors are a thing of the past.

The French buyer now has a choice of the following engines: 1300, 1600, 2000, 2300 and 3000 cc, with power outputs ranging from practically single (70 DIN horsepower for the 1.3 L version) to double (138 DIN horsepower for the Capri 3000 S, the latter capable of a top speed of 200 km/h).

December 1986: The Capri is finished!

Despite the wide range of choices offered to customers, the Ford Capri was clearly losing momentum by the end of the 1970s. To try and revive sales, Ford launched several limited editions (Capri Cabaret, Calypso, Cameo, Laser) and returned to high-performance versions (with the exception of the rare British Capri 3100 RS, of which only 248 were produced in 1973/74, the Capri 2600 RS had remained without a successor after its discontinuation). Thus, at the Geneva Motor Show in March 1981, the new Capri 2.8L Electronic Injection was unveiled. Equipped with the Ford Granada engine, this version boasted 160 DIN horsepower and ventilated front disc brakes; it was also the first Capri to be offered with a five-speed gearbox.

A few months later, at the Frankfurt Motor Show, the Capri 2800 Turbo appeared. Lavishly equipped with aerodynamic accessories and boasting 188 DIN horsepower, the 2800 Turbo could reach 215 km/h, making it the fastest of all the Capris sold by Ford. However, its production run was short, and it was never officially imported into France.

At the end of 1982, the Capri "S" and the 2.8 L Injection received a five-speed gearbox, with overdrive in the case of the 2.8 L.

With the discontinuation of the largest displacement models (1.3L and 3L) in March 1983, the range appeared more homogeneous than before. But the end was near. The Capri, with its outdated chassis and underpowered engines, seemed like a dinosaur of the automotive world and suffered in comparison to the Ford Sierra and the new, more efficient front-wheel-drive hot hatches for the average driver. The trend for large, American-style coupes was over.

In April 1984, the Ford Capri ceased to be sold in France. By November of the same year, only production of right-hand drive Capris, reserved for the British market, continued in Cologne. The last Ford Capri rolled off the assembly line two years later, in December 1986. It was a special "280" edition, the final iteration of the 2.8L injection version. Nearly two million Ford Capris had been sold since the model's launch seventeen years earlier.

An impressive success, especially when compared to the figures achieved by the competition: 765,100 Volkswagen Scirocco, 498,533 Opel Manta and…300,443 Renault 15/17.

PassionAutoFrance has been a partner of the Capri Passion Club since 2010.